Growth and Changes in Plants: Unit Review

Air, water, light, heat, nutrients and space.

Heat. The plants got too cold, and the frost froze them.

She changed two things (water and light). A fair test changes only one thing. Both pots should be in the same spot.

Any two: drought, flooding, frost, extreme heat, too little light, crowding, polluted or salty soil, trampling, too many insects eating them.

Holds the plant up and carries water and food between the roots and leaves.

Carrot: taproot. Grass: fibrous roots.

Bark protects the woody stem (trunk) from insects, heat, cold and damage.

The stamen makes pollen. The pistil catches it.

The fruit, with seeds inside.

Any two: wind (dandelion, maple key), sticking to fur (burrs), eaten by animals (berries), buried by animals (acorns), water, popping pods.

In cones.

seed → seedling → adult plant → flowers → fruit with seeds

An annual lives one growing season; a perennial lives for many years.

9 cm. 12 − 3 = 9.

Sunlight, carbon dioxide and water.

It makes sugar (food) and gives off oxygen.

The apple tree caught sunlight in its leaves and stored the energy in sugar in the apple. The energy started in the Sun.

An adaptation (a feature it always has).

Light.

Maple leaves would lose too much water in winter when the ground is frozen, so the maple drops them. Pine needles are thin and waxy, so they lose little water.

Examples: plants give food, shelter, oxygen; animals pollinate, spread seeds, add nutrients.

A plant, such as clover or grass.

There would be far fewer monarchs. Caterpillars eat only milkweed, and monarchs lay their eggs on it.

Examples: food: rice, wheat, corn; shelter: wood, bamboo, birchbark, elm bark, cedar; clothing: cotton, flax (linen), cedar bark.

Elm bark.

Some plants are poisonous or look like safe ones. Only a doctor, pharmacist or someone with real knowledge should decide, with your grown-up.

Corn, beans and squash. Example: corn holds up the beans; beans add nutrients; squash shades the soil.

Broccoli: flowers (buds). Pea: seed.

Benefit: fresher, less travel, supports local farmers. Limitation: short growing season, some foods cannot grow here, greenhouses use energy.

A plant that has grown naturally in an area for a very long time, like the white trillium, sugar maple or milkweed.

Harmful: clearing land, road salt, pollution, trampling, invasive plants. Helpful: planting native plants, parks, composting, removing invasive plants.

Wildflowers feed bees. The beekeeper needs bees to make honey, and the farmer needs bees to pollinate crops.